Human trafficking is the third most lucrative crime on the planet. Thriving not just in the shadows of third-world countries, but in plain sight in some of the wealthiest nations in the world.
Mexico is the number one supplier of trafficked victims globally. And Cancun, a city which took in over five million visitors last year, ranks third in the country as a supplier of sex slaves to the United States, Europe, and Canada. It’s considered a “transient” drop off for victims.
And while human trafficking is a federal crime in Mexico, it’s one that typically goes unpunished for a variety of reasons; corrupt police who look the other way, anti-trafficking laws caught in the tangles of red tape, and journalists who fail to report on the issue. Either because of confusion of its definition, or fear of exposing the powerful people who continue to profit from it.
But there are those making a difference in Mexico. Concerned citizens determined to save lives by fighting on the front lines every day. Making themselves visible so others won’t disappear.
We met four such people while on assignment in Cancun.
Veronica Fajardo
Veronica Fajardo
A light rain was falling as we sat in the corner of a small, unremarkable café half-an-hour west of touristy Cancun. Drinking our lukewarm coffee, we waited for Veronica Farjardo, a local journalist, who despite threats from profiteers and road blocks from her editors, continues to write trafficking and social interest stories for Novedades de Quintana Roo. We met over the phone the evening before. The concierge at the hotel helped us contact her newspaper. And as luck would have it, Mrs. Fajardo answered the phone.
Stepping through the door, Veronica shook her umbrella dry and wiped her feet. She spotted us immediately and made her way over for proper introductions.
We had a long list of questions. And before we could start checking the boxes, Veronica began dishing out details in areas we were more than happy to have first-hand knowledge of. The under-the-radar intricacies of how these crimes continue to thrive; local brothels disguised as massage parlors, and web sites allowing access for those “in the know” to trafficking victims.
“There are fake on-line travel agencies.” She told us. “Agencies where you can buy packages and get connected to luxury resorts offering ‘special services.’”
The “special services” she referenced were photobooks. Catalogs where prospected buyers could browse through a collection of kids’ head shots – some as young as five years old – detailing age, weight, height, and cost.
“Some get passed around to as many as twenty people a day.” Veronica told us.
She talked about bribery within local law enforcement, and corruption at the highest levels of government. Trying my best to keep up, I flipped through my notebook in search of blank spaces to take down the details.
“Do you know any victims we can talk to about these things?” We asked.
“Some.” She answered. “I just don’t know if they will want to talk to you. Many are afraid to go on record. You might have better luck with NGO’s.”
NGO’s are non-governmental organizations. Typically, nonprofit’s that are independent of governments. They’re usually funded by donations and run by volunteers. They are grassroots. They are boots-on-the ground. And they’re the ones we really wanted to meet.
We finished our coffee and called it a night. Agreeing to meet the following morning in a government building just around the corner.
“I’ll make some calls and see who we can talk to.” Veronica promised, as she drove away.
The following morning our taxi dropped us off near the steps of the government building. We were a half hour early, eager to start our day. It was nearly 100 degrees, not a cloud in the sky or a hint of any breeze. So, we stepped into a small patch of shade under the portico of the building and waited on a nearby bench.
Forty-five minutes later…no sign of Veronica. Our texts, calls, and emails all went unanswered. Just as we were about to call it quits, our phone rang.
“Sorry I’m late. I was trying to get us an interview. I’m right here.”
Breathing a sigh of relief, we looked up to see Veronica with a phone to her ear waving from the entryway. Joining us on the bench in the shade of the portico, she spent the next ten minutes telling us about all the people she’d reached out to. None of them willing to talk.
The disappointment was interrupted by a cheerful, musical chime that came from under the bench. It was Veronica’s phone. Taking it out of her bag, she answered the call and quickly moved to the far corner of the entry way and into the glaring sun. We tried reading her face for any hint of good news, but she remained expressionless throughout her conversation.
A few minutes later she came back. “My friend will talk with you. She runs a shelter. But we must leave now.”
Squeezing ourselves into a small taxi, we drove through one nondescript neighborhood after another, in search of Veronica’s friend.
Paola Feregrino
Paola Feregrino
In 2003, Mexican journalist Lydia Cacho wrote a series of articles about the sexual abuse of minors for Por Esto, a daily Mexican newspaper headquartered in the Yucatán. With a main office in Cancún, and several other bureaus, Por Esto’s circulation was significant.
In one of the articles Cacho featured a story of a girl who came forward accusing a local businessman, Jean Succar Kuri, of abuse. The following year, believing local police were failing to follow up on the girl’s accusations, Cacho wrote a book; Demons of Eden. The book not only accused Succar Kuri of being involved in child pornography and prostitution, it named names. Important names. Prominent businessmen and high ranking politicians, who Cacho claimed, were protecting Succar Kuri.
Demons of Eden had spread fear to those unaware the crimes existed in their backyard. And concern to those who were profiting from it. In 2006, a tape emerged of a conversation between influential businessman Kamel Nacif Borge and Mario Plutarco Marín Torres, the governor of the state of Puebla. On the tape, the two conspired to have Cacho beaten and raped for her reporting.
Cacho’s efforts to fight against sex trafficking and violence against women has earned her the distinction, according to Amnesty International, of being, “Mexico’s most famous investigative journalist and women’s rights advocate.” Her reporting has made her famous. It’s also made her a target. There have been multiple attempts on her life, and the United Nations Human Rights Council advised she leave the country and seek political asylum elsewhere. But Lydia Cacho fights on. In Mexico.
One of Cacho’s earliest achievements was the creation of a shelter called, CIAM – El Centro Integral de Atención a las Mujeres (The Integral Center for Women’s Care). The Cancún-based organization supports women and children who have been victims of violence, and it’s where Veronica set up our first meeting.
“We’re meeting Paola Feregrino. She took over the shelter from her mentor, Lydia Cacho.” Veronica said, as we climbed out of the taxi and made our way towards a thick concrete door. Acknowledging herself to the security camera above, Veronica rang the doorbell and waited. Seconds later, a buzzer sounded signaling our clearance.
Greeting us on the other side was Paola, the shelter’s Executive Director. Warm, friendly, and just thirty years young, Paola began our tour of the facility. Her passion for social causes resonating more and more with each story she told us.
At the end of the hallway was Paola’s office. Opening the door, she invited us in, took a seat behind a small, black desk and began telling us about her work and the things she’s seen.
“A good number of our survivors here have been victims of human trafficking.” She told us. “When the shelter started, we didn’t even know what human trafficking was.”
Those coming into the battered women’s shelter to escape physical and sexual violence were suddenly telling stories of being sold to perspective buyers.
“We’d never heard anything like this.” Paola told us.
Majoring in Clinical Psychology, Paola was the first in her family to get a degree. And despite the constant threat of physical threats, budget cuts and funding challenges, her approach to educating the community on violence prevention remains both creative and innovative. One program teaches at-risk kids the importance of gender equality and conflict resolution. While another, a campaign called, “Yo no estoy en venta!” (“I am not for sale”), teaches young kids to become advocates against human trafficking.
“I think I’ve always been an activist.” She told us, as that familiar ring tone once again chimed from Veronica’s purse. Taking the call, she stepped outside while Paola continued.
“Lydia Cacho taught me a lot of things…theoretical and technical. But above all, she taught me how to develop leadership skills. To help guide a team in unfavorable circumstances. She gave me confidence. I was afraid to become an Executive Director. I still feel afraid sometimes because it’s a big responsibility. But this is not about me. It’s about the lives we can save and the steps we can take to build a better world for all of us.”
Veronica came back into the room, dropped the phone into her purse, and smiled.
“I found more people to talk to.” She said, excitedly. “They’re waiting for us now.”
Rosa Maria Marquez & Marcos Basilio
Saying goodbye to Paola, we exchanged emails, promising to keep in touch, and to look for ways to work together in the future. Jumping into another taxi, our Amazing Race day continued.
“We’re going to see Rosa Maria, a social activist and her lawyer, Marcos. He’s a commercial and family law attorney.” Veronica said.
Neither Rosa Maria or Marcos were all that thrilled to sit down with us. Veronica, a friend of theirs for nearly 20 years had talked them into it. Promising to be present at the meeting. Now, nearly ten minutes late, we wondered whether they’d even be there when we arrived.
It was mid-afternoon, and the restaurant was nearly empty. Except for Rosa Maria and Marcos, who sat at a table in the middle of the restaurant, directly under a slowly rotating fan.
“Traffic!” Veronica exclaimed, waving in their direction.
We took a seat and ordered a pot of hot tea. The coolness of the fan was a nice welcome. As was the greeting from our two new friends.
Rosa Maria started the conversation – taking us back thirty years to when her journey began. Earning a Bachelor’s degree in Business Administration from UNAM (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), and a Master’s in Public Administration from American University, Rosa Maria had perfected the profession of a civil society activist. Today, focusing on the defense and promotion of Human Rights causes, she is a pioneer in group organization and a leader of several causes; women in detention, people with disabilities, HIV positive individuals, and a variety of social causes for both younger and older adults. She has a full plate. One, which is refilled daily and without complaint.
Quietly sitting next to her was Marcos Basilio, her attorney, friend, and accompanying activist. Marcos’s story was just as fascinating. Having practiced law for the past ten years in Cancun, Marcos has carved a niche for himself representing Guatemalan women and children who are trafficked for labor exploitation, as opposed to sexual abuse.
“Human Trafficking isn’t only about sex.” Marcos told us, shaking his head. “People always make that mistake. It also involves a complex web of other illegal activity.” He continued. “There is prostitution and gambling, drugs, organized crime, money laundering, and labor exploitation.”
What impressed us most was not the stories these four had shared. Rather, how their passion for justice powers them past their everyday occupations. Continuously focusing their talents on delivering hope for their country and its citizens. They work independently, yet each are intrinsically connected. Intertwined in a cause greater than themselves.
Why would, Marcos, a commercial lawyer care so much about humanitarianism? What makes someone like Rosa Maria dedicate half her life to do so much for so many? Why would Veronica continue writing stories of human oppression, despite the threats of violence against her? Any why would Paola put her life in danger – every day – to protect women and children she doesn’t know?
“Why do you do this?” I asked each of them.
“Because these stories matter.”
“Because people matter.”
“We do it…” Paola told us…” because someone has to.”
SOCIAL DISCUSSION 